By Jeffrey Reitz
Canada’s experience with immigration has been comparatively positive, and mass immigration has considerable popular support within the country. The distinctive Canadian policy model – including large numbers with skill-based selection, multiculturalism and other policies aimed at promoting integration, and provincial autonomy – deserves international attention. However, Canada’s success with immigration is only partly related to its policies, and these may not be easily transferable to other contexts. Skill-based immigrant selection may be the most important feature of the Canadian model contributing to its success, and the effectiveness of this policy is clearly contingent on border control which in the case of Canada is facilitated by geographical isolation. Canada’s symbolic commitment to multiculturalism emphasizes the social integration of immigrants, and this goal is also served by significant social services supporting settlement and language acquisition. The most significant distinctive feature of the Canadian approach to immigration may be the belief that immigration represents a positive opportunity to build the economy and develop the country. This belief represents a resource helping the country address some of the current problems confronting immigration, including reduced employment success of immigrants and evidence that racial divisions have significance particularly for certain groups. The belief in mass immigration as a positive resource and development opportunity underlies much of the positive discourse on immigration in Canada.
